Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan dan Sains

Development of a Chemistry Learning E-Module Based on Problem Based Learning on Reaction Rate Material to Improve Student Learning Outcomes

Sulfaidah Sulfaidah, Zulkarnaen Zulkarnaen, Mukhamad Nurhadi — Tue, 12 May 2026 00:00:00 +0800

This study aims to develop a valid, practical, and effective Problem Based Learning (PBL) based chemistry e-module on reaction rate material for grade XI students at MA DDI Bontang in improving learning outcomes. This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE model which includes the Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate stages. The resulting product is a PBL-based e-module as a more interesting and non-monotonous teaching material. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, questionnaires, pretests, and posttests. The results showed that the developed e-module was very feasible to use based on validation by material experts of 90.0% and media experts of 87.0%. The use of PBL-based e-modules was also proven to be effective in improving student learning outcomes. The average posttest score of 85.4 was higher than the pretest score of 52.0. The t-test results showed that the t-count value of 19.146 was greater than the t-table of 2.042 at a significance level of 0.05, so there was a significant effect of the use of e-modules on student learning outcomes. In addition, student responses to the e-module were positive at 84.8%. Thus, the PBL-based e-module is feasible and effective for use in chemistry learning on reaction rates

Analysis of the Utilization of Digital Technology in the Flipped Learning Model to Improve Students’ Conceptual Understanding

Sulkipli M, Hidayani Hidayani, Andi Maryam, Ainun Mardiah, Grace Christie Aulia — Tue, 12 May 2026 22:50:16 +0800

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the utilization of digital technology in the flipped learning model on improving students’ conceptual understanding. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group approach involving two classes of students: the experimental class (32 students) and the control class (33 students). The research instruments consisted of pretests and posttests and observation sheets, which were then analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and N-Gain. The results of the study showed a significant difference in the mean between the experimental and control groups, with t = –9.206 and Sig. (2-tailed) <0.001, indicating that the implementation of digital technology in flipped learning significantly influences students’ conceptual understanding. The N-Gain value indicated that the improvement in the experimental class was in the moderate to high category, while the control class was predominantly in the low category. Thus, it can be concluded that the flipped learning model based on digital technology is more effective and positively affects students’ conceptual understanding, particularly by increasing active engagement and independence in learning, compared to the traditional learning approach

Transforming Junior High Student Elections: The Impact of Pancasila Student Profile Projects on School Democracy

Nindya Aulia Azzahra, Firman Umar, Najamuddin Najamuddin — Tue, 12 May 2026 22:52:34 +0800

Conventional student council elections often function as mere formalities, failing to serve as practical laboratories for democratic engagement and character development. This study evaluates the transformation of student elections through the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5) at Junior High School 1 Polongbangkeng Utara. The research focuses on three key dimensions: student participation levels, the implementation of democratic principles, and the development of civic skills among candidates. Employing a descriptive qualitative methodology, the study engaged teachers, students, and candidate pairs as primary informants. Data were gathered through interviews, systematic observation, and documentation, followed by analysis using data condensation, visualization, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was established via source triangulation. The findings demonstrate that: student participation reached an "excellent" threshold under the P5 framework; core democratic principles—direct, general, free, confidential, honest, and fair—were rigorously integrated into the electoral process; and candidate pairs exhibited "excellent" civic competencies. This research concludes that embedding student elections within the P5 framework significantly enhances democratic citizenship competencies. It offers a scalable pedagogical model for educational institutions to transform routine administrative procedures into meaningful, value-driven character-building experiences. Consequently, this approach bridges the gap between theoretical civic education and practical democratic participation in a secondary school context

Nursing Students’ POV toward the English Camp Program at Kampung Inggris Pare to Improve English Skills

Yuyun Putri Mandasari, Eka Wulandari — Tue, 12 May 2026 00:00:00 +0800

To achieve the vision of globalized graduates, Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang has a strategy to prepare the students to be more skillful in English communication. The strategy is to encourage the nursing students of the International Class to join the English Camp Program in Pare, Kediri, East Java. This study aimed to discover their perceptions regarding the results of the English Camp Program. 38 students of the Nursing International Class who were selected to be the respondents of this study, and their perceptions were collected through a questionnaire and interview and then analyzed descriptively. The findings showed that the Nursing students had a positive point of view regarding the English Camp Program to improve their English skills. In conclusion, this program is considered beneficial for students and can be continued as an alternative strategy for enhancing the English competencies of nursing students at Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang

Reimagining Indonesian Language Education in the Digital Age: Integrating Digital Literacy, Critical Thinking, and Cultural Identity

Saharudin Saharudin, Helmi Najamudin — Tue, 12 May 2026 00:00:00 +0800

This study explores the transformation of Indonesian language education in the digital age by integrating digital literacy, critical thinking, and cultural identity in elementary teacher education. The research was conducted in the Elementary Madrasah Teacher Education Program at Institut Agama Islam Hamzanwadi NW Lombok Timur, Indonesia. In the context of rapid technological development, Indonesian language learning is required not only to develop linguistic competence but also to foster students’ digital literacy and critical thinking skills while maintaining local and national cultural values. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach using observations, interviews, and document analysis involving lecturers and students in the PGMI program. The findings reveal that the integration of digital platforms, interactive learning media, and collaborative online activities significantly enhances students’ engagement and supports the development of critical and reflective language skills. Moreover, the incorporation of local cultural narratives and Islamic values within digital learning environments strengthens students’ cultural identity and contextual understanding of language use. The study highlights that digital pedagogy in Indonesian language education should not merely focus on technological adoption but must also integrate cultural and ethical dimensions. Therefore, the transformation of Indonesian language learning in teacher education programs is essential to prepare future teachers who are capable of implementing innovative, culturally grounded, and technology-enhanced language instruction in elementary madrasahs

Implementation of the Internal Quality Assurance System on the Quality of Learning Planning and Implementation in State Vocational High Schools

Adi Suandi Sihombing, Tubagus Pamungkas, Hermansah Hermansah — Tue, 12 May 2026 22:58:50 +0800

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Internal Quality Assurance System (IQAS) and its relationship with the quality of learning planning and implementation in a state vocational high school in Batam. The study employed a concurrent mixed-methods approach in which quantitative and qualitative data were collected simultaneously. Quantitative data were obtained through questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation, while qualitative data were gathered through interviews, observations, and documentation studies and analyzed thematically. The findings revealed that the implementation of IQAS was categorized as moderate to good. The quality of learning planning was considered fairly good, particularly in the alignment of learning instruments with the curriculum, while the quality of learning implementation was also moderate, especially in classroom management and teaching methods. Correlation analysis indicated a positive relationship between IQAS implementation and the quality of learning planning and implementation. Qualitative findings supported these results, although challenges remained in the evaluation and follow-up stages. The study confirms that IQAS plays a strategic role in improving the quality of learning in vocational schools

Development of the Bacapeta Learning Media Platform to Support Students’ Geospatial Technology Learning

Eka Novia Marianti, Purwanto Purwanto — Thu, 14 May 2026 11:40:35 +0800

The spatial literacy skills and mastery of geospatial technology among senior high school students in Indonesia remain relatively low, as indicated by limited use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology in learning and low academic achievement in mapping materials. This condition requires innovation in learning media to facilitate concrete learning experiences aligned with the demands of 21st-century Geography learning. This study used the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE model, comprising the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. This study used a mixed-methods approach, using instrument questionnaires to assess the feasibility and validity of the learning media. This study aimed to determine the feasibility level and validity level of the developed learning media. The results of the study showed that the average feasibility score for the learning media from media experts was 88%, with a very valid qualification, while the score from material experts was 90.4%, with a very valid qualification. The trial results of the Bacapeta web-based learning media also obtained scores of 97.5% from teachers, indicating a very feasible response, and 93.4% from students, with a very feasible qualification. These results indicate that the Bacapeta web is feasible for use in the learning process to support the spatial literacy abilities of senior high school students

The Influence of Gadget Use on the Social and Emotional Behavior of Elementary School Students

Suci Purwatiningsih, Tubagus Pamungkas, Zulkifli Zulkifli — Tue, 19 May 2026 17:10:31 +0800

This study aims to analyze the influence of gadget use on the social and emotional behavior of students at SD Negeri 019 Sagulung Batam. The study employed a mixed methods approach with a sequential explanatory design, in which quantitative data collection was followed by qualitative data collection. Quantitative data were obtained through questionnaires distributed to students, while qualitative data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation to strengthen the research findings. Data analysis was conducted using a significance test with a significance level of α = 5%. The results showed that gadget use did not have a significant influence on students’ emotions, with a significance value of 0.431. However, gadget use had a significant influence on students’ attitudes, with a significance value of 0.009. The findings indicate that gadget use has both positive and negative impacts on students’ social and emotional behavior, particularly in the learning process and social interaction. Based on the findings, educational policies are needed to support the wise use of gadgets through character education strengthening and collaboration between schools and parents in supervising students’ gadget use.

Integration of the National Curriculum and the Pesantren Curriculum at Madrasah Aliyah Keagamaan Hamzanwadi II Nahdlatul Wathan: A Managerial Analysis

Siti Rahmah Hayati, Yudin Citriadin, Nurul Yakin, Subki Subki — Thu, 28 May 2026 17:27:38 +0800

This study examines the managerial strategies employed in integrating the National Curriculum and the Pesantren Curriculum at MA Keagamaan Hamzanwadi II Nahdlatul Wathan. The madrasah has demonstrated significant quality improvement, reflected in its accreditation B status, and implements a boarding school system aimed at producing graduates proficient in Qur’anic literacy, Hadith memorisation, classical Islamic texts, and bilingual language skills, alongside strong character development. Using a qualitative descriptive approach based on secondary data and literature review, the study finds that the curriculum integration is effectively managed through strategic planning, stakeholder collaboration, and the alignment of academic and religious objectives. Extracurricular activities complement the formal curriculum to support holistic student development. The madrasah’s vision and mission emphasise faith, knowledge, moral integrity, and patriotism, which are realised through adaptive leadership and an immersive educational environment. This integrative management model offers a valuable example for Islamic educational institutions striving to balance national academic standards with pesantren traditions

Bridging the Critical Thinking Gap: Evidence-Based Development of STEM-Based Project-Based Learning E-Modules for Vocational Education

N. Desti Pratiwi, Insih Wilujeng, Susilowati Susilowati — Thu, 28 May 2026 17:32:42 +0800

The rapid transformation brought by Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0 demands that vocational education graduates possess not only technical competencies but also higher-order thinking skills, particularly critical thinking. This study aims to analyse the level of vocational high school students’ critical thinking skills and to use the findings as an empirical basis for developing STEM-based Project-Based Learning (STEM-PjBL) e-modules. A quantitative descriptive design was employed involving 36 tenth-grade vocational students selected through random sampling. Data were collected using an essay-based test that measured five critical-thinking indicators: interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, and explanation. The results revealed that students’ overall critical thinking skills were at a moderate level, with strengths in interpretation and explanation, but weaknesses in analysis and inference. These findings indicate a significant gap in higher-order thinking skills, which are essential for solving real-world problems in vocational contexts. The study highlights the need for evidence-based instructional materials that specifically address these gaps. Therefore, the development of STEM-PjBL e-modules is proposed as a strategic approach to enhance students’ critical thinking through interdisciplinary, problem-based, and technology-supported learning. This research contributes to providing a diagnostic foundation for designing innovative learning resources in vocational education

The Role of Muhammadiyah Cadres in the Decision to Register Students at the Muhammadiyah Boarding School (MBS) Selong, East Lombok

Hartiani Hartiani, Muhammad Attha Iqbal, Nurmaulia Khotmi, Diarti Hariani — Sat, 06 Jun 2026 12:29:31 +0800

The Muhammadiyah boarding school (MBS) in Selong, part of Muhammadiyah's philanthropic educational institution, faces significant challenges marked by stagnant student enrollment. After four years of operation, the institution only accommodates 68 students amidst a persistent downward trend, despite a broad network of Muhammadiyah cadres throughout East Lombok. This qualitative-descriptive study aims to examine three dimensions: the role of Muhammadiyah cadres in shaping enrollment decisions, the factors driving these decisions, and strategic steps to optimize cadre involvement in institutional promotion. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, focus group discussions, and documentation analysis. The findings identify four key cadre roles: information agents, local opinion leaders, trust brokers, and decision facilitators. Enrollment decisions are shaped by rational factors such as perceived educational quality, tuition fees, physical facilities, and the institutional appeal of MBS Selong as a modern Islamic boarding school capable of integrating formal general academic education, religious instruction, and competitive extracurricular programs into a cohesive educational framework, social recommendations, and emotional closeness to cadre figures. This study contributes a new conceptual framework by integrating educational consumer behavior theory with community-based da'wah mobilization, introducing the concept of da'wah-based marketing actors as a new analytical lens for understanding student selection behavior in the context of the Muhammadiyah organizational ecosystem.

The Relationship Between the Smoking Duration of E-Cigarette and Blood Pressure in the Udanawu Vapor Community, Blitar

Ibnu Muhariawan Restuaji, Refi Anjarsari — Sat, 06 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0800

The use of e-cigarettes is increasing in the community and is suspected to be associated with changes in blood pressure due to nicotine exposure. This study aims to determine the relationship between the duration of e-cigarette use and blood pressure in men aged 20–30 years in the e-cigarette user community in Udanawu, Blitar. This is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design involving 17 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Blood pressure data were measured with a sphygmomanometer and analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. The results showed that the average systolic blood pressure of respondents was 117.65 mmHg, and the average diastolic blood pressure was 87.65 mmHg. Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between the duration of e-cigarette use and systolic blood pressure (p=0.003; r=0.679) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.005; r=0.646). These results indicate that the longer the e-cigarette use, the greater the tendency for blood pressure to increase in respondents. Thus, long-term use of e-cigarettes has the potential to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disorders in young adults.

School and Community Relations Management at SMAN 1 Parakan and SMAN 1 Temanggung: POAC Analysis

Sri Muryati, Wiwik Wijayanti — Sat, 06 Jun 2026 13:05:36 +0800

This study aimed to: (1) describe the management of school–community relationships at SMAN 1 Parakan and SMAN 1 Temanggung; (2) identify supporting factors in the management of school–community relationships; and (3) identify inhibiting factors affecting the implementation of such relationships in both schools. This study employed a qualitative method with a case study approach. The research was conducted from June to September 2025. The subjects included principals, vice principals for public relations, teachers, school committees, parents or guardians, and community members from SMAN 1 Parakan and SMAN 1 Temanggung. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model consisting of data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings showed that the management of school–community relationships in both schools was implemented through the POAC management functions: planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling. SMAN 1 Parakan demonstrated more optimal relationship management with the community, where community members were actively involved from planning to evaluation stages, creating a cultural-based relationship pattern. In contrast, SMAN 1 Temanggung showed limited direct community involvement but maintained strong collaboration with alumni, resulting in an educative relationship pattern. Supporting factors identified included stakeholder involvement, well-planned programs, school openness to suggestions and feedback, and alumni participation. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors included passive participation of some parents or guardians, differences in available time among stakeholders, limited program funding, and complaints from some community members regarding activities conducted outside operational hours

Optimizing Kedungombo Reservoir Operations to Meet Irrigation Water Needs

Teguh Wibowo, Cahyono Ikhsan, Rintis Hadiani — Sat, 06 Jun 2026 13:16:19 +0800

The Kedungombo Reservoir plays an important role in providing irrigation water for several irrigation areas in Central Java. However, the existing reservoir's operational conditions still face obstacles in meeting water needs, especially during low inflow during the dry season. This condition causes a water deficit that impacts the decline in reservoir operational performance. Therefore, evaluation and optimization of reservoir operations are needed to improve the effectiveness of meeting irrigation water needs. This study aims to analyze the operational performance of the Kedungombo Reservoir under existing conditions and evaluate improvements in reservoir operational performance after optimization using Solver. The analysis of the mainstay discharge was carried out using the Weibull method based on inflow data from 2015–2025 with the mainstay discharge scenarios Q20, Q50, and Q80. Irrigation water needs were calculated based on the cropping pattern and the service area of the Kedungombo Reservoir irrigation area. Reservoir operation simulations were carried out using HEC-ResSim, while reservoir operation optimization was carried out using Solver with the objective function of minimizing the deficit in irrigation water needs. The results of the study indicate that the existing operating conditions have a reliability level of 66.44% at Q20, 54.72% at Q50, and 44.98% at Q80. After optimization, the reliability level increased to 74.86% at Q20, 73.73% at Q50, and 74.00% at Q80. In addition, optimization was also able to reduce the vulnerability value and increase the operational resilience of the reservoir. The results of the study indicate that reservoir operation optimization can increase the effectiveness of Kedungombo Reservoir management in meeting irrigation water needs

Students’ Scientific Literacy Skills: A Preliminary Study for Developing a Deep Learning–Based E-Module

Yulista Dewi Fajar Sari, Insih Wilujeng, Susilowati Susilowati — Sat, 06 Jun 2026 13:34:44 +0800

This study aims to analyze eighth-grade students' scientific literacy skills as a foundational assessment for developing a Deep Learning-based E-Module on the topic of Matter and Its Changes. Employing a quantitative descriptive approach with mixed-methods supplementation, the research involved 32 students at Bojonegoro Integrated Model Junior High School selected through random sampling. Data were collected using a scientific literacy test aligned with OECD (2025) PISA framework—measuring three core competencies: explaining scientific phenomena, evaluating and designing scientific investigations, and interpreting data and scientific evidence—complemented by classroom observations and stakeholder interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using percentage achievement formulas and categorized according to established criteria, while qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. Results indicate that students' scientific literacy falls within the medium category (48.27% average), with explaining phenomena scoring highest (51.37%) and investigation design lowest (46.58%). Classroom observations revealed 58.3% teacher-centered instruction with minimal inquiry opportunities, while interviews identified strong student receptivity toward interactive digital learning. These findings establish specific design requirements for the proposed E-Module, including virtual laboratories, adaptive assessment, and personalized learning pathways targeting elevation to high competency levels (≥67%). This research contributes evidence-based foundations for technology-enhanced science education interventions addressing 21st-century competency development in resource-constrained contexts

The Influence of Parental Attachment on Early Adolescents' Emotion Regulation in Junior High School Students

Eko Naning Wahyuningrum, Melly Latifah, Ujang Sumarwan — Sat, 27 Jun 2026 14:37:45 +0800

Emotion regulation is one of the developmental capacities early adolescents are expected to consolidate as biological, cognitive, and socioemotional shifts unfold. The family setting, particularly the affective bond with parents, has long been treated as a foundational source of this capacity, although the relative weight of mother-child and father-child attachment for adolescent emotion regulation remains debated. This article reports a study of 184 grade VIII students (78 boys, 106 girls) recruited from four junior high schools in Depok, West Java, who completed the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Because the indicators used were dimension-level composite scores rather than raw items, the measurement model was specified as formative, and the structural model was estimated through partial least squares structural equation modeling using SmartPLS 4. A permutation-based multi-group analysis (5,000 permutations) was used to test gender as a grouping variable. Mother-child attachment was a positive and significant predictor of emotion regulation (β = 0.382; t = 4.328; p < 0.001), whereas father-child attachment showed a positive direction but did not reach the 5 percent threshold (β = 0.163; t = 1.864; p = 0.062). The two predictors jointly explained 25.2 percent of the variance in emotion regulation. The permutation test yielded no significant gender difference, although the gap in the mother-child path coefficient between boys and girls was very close to the conventional cut-off and should be interpreted cautiously. Results point to the everyday emotional bond with the mother as the more salient correlate of early adolescents' emotion regulation, while leaving room for father-child attachment as a conceptually relevant resource that warrants further investigation in larger and more diverse samples

The Influence of the School Environment on the Motivation of PIP Recipients to Pursue Higher Education

Rina Rifana Nurfaida, Dwi Hastuti, Irni Rahmayani Johan — Sat, 27 Jun 2026 15:01:14 +0800

Higher education plays a strategic role in improving the quality of human resources and promoting social mobility. Nevertheless, participation in higher education among students from low-income families in Indonesia remains relatively low, even when financial assistance such as the Program Indonesia Pintar (PIP) is available. This condition suggests that nonfinancial factors also shape students' decisions to continue their studies. The present study aims to examine the effect of the school environment on PIP recipients' motivation to continue their education to higher levels. A quantitative explanatory approach with a cross-sectional design was employed. The sample size was determined using the Slovin formula and resulted in a minimum of 395 respondents, while the actual data collected reached 423 PIP recipients from public senior high schools. Respondents were drawn through accidental sampling, with 416 students originating from 21 subdistricts across Garut Regency and 7 students from outside the regency. The school environment was measured through learning facilities, teacher support, and peer interaction, while motivation was measured through intrinsic, extrinsic, and amotivation dimensions. Data were analyzed using simple linear regression with SPSS version 27. The results show that the school environment has a positive and significant effect on the motivation to continue higher education, with a regression coefficient of 0.157, F value of 92.156, and significance level below 0.001. The school environment explains 18.0 percent of the variance in motivation. These findings confirm that nonfinancial factors within the school setting substantively shape the educational aspirations of disadvantaged students

Islamic Educational Values in Lombok’s Ancient Tomb Architecture: A Local Islam Perspective on the Batu Layar, Loang Baloq, and Selaparang Tombs

Husnul Haetami, Jamaluddin Jamaluddin, Baharudin Baharudin — Sat, 27 Jun 2026 15:33:26 +0800

This study examines the Islamic educational values embedded in the architecture of ancient tombs in Lombok from the perspective of local Islam, focusing on the Batu Layar, Loang Baloq, and Selaparang tomb sites. The research aims to explore how architectural elements and religious traditions associated with these tombs reflect Islamic teachings and contribute to the preservation of local Islamic culture among the Sasak community. This study employs a qualitative library research approach by analyzing academic literature, historical records, cultural studies, and relevant scholarly publications concerning Lombok’s Islamic heritage and sacred architecture. Data were analyzed descriptively and interpretively to identify educational, religious, and cultural values represented in the tomb architecture and related pilgrimage practices. The findings reveal that the architecture of the ancient tombs embodies various Islamic educational values, including faith (aqīdah), devotion (‘ibādah), respect for righteous figures, social solidarity, and cultural preservation. Architectural features such as tomb orientation toward the qibla, protective structures (cungkup), and the use of local materials demonstrate the integration of Islamic principles with Sasak cultural traditions. Furthermore, pilgrimage practices (roah makang) conducted at these sites function as informal educational media that transmit religious knowledge, moral teachings, collective memory, and communal identity across generations. The study concludes that the ancient tombs of Lombok serve not only as historical and religious heritage sites but also as educational spaces where Islamic values are continuously interpreted and practiced within the framework of local culture. This research contributes to the discourse on local Islam and Islamic educational heritage in Indonesia.

The Influence of Principal Leadership, Organizational Culture and Work Motivation on Teacher Performance at Public Elementary Schools in Kapanewon Prambanan

Anang Nugroho, Suyud Suyud — Mon, 06 Jul 2026 12:46:27 +0800

This study examined the effects of principal leadership, organizational culture, and work motivation on teacher performance in public elementary schools in Prambanan District, Sleman, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A quantitative approach with a multiple linear regression design was employed. The sample consisted of 133 teachers selected using cluster random sampling, with the sample size determined through the Slovin formula. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire. The research instrument was validated through expert judgment in educational management and demonstrated adequate internal consistency reliability. Data analysis included prerequisite tests of normality, linearity, and multicollinearity, followed by hypothesis testing using SPSS. The findings revealed that principal leadership had a positive and significant effect on teacher performance (t = 2.644, p = 0.009), organizational culture had a positive and significant effect (t = 2.151, p = 0.033), and work motivation had the strongest positive and significant effect (t = 7.178, p < 0.001). Simultaneously, the three independent variables significantly influenced teacher performance (F = 51.086, p < 0.001). The coefficient of determination (R² = 0.543) indicated that principal leadership, organizational culture, and work motivation explained 54.3% of the variance in teacher performance. Further contribution analysis showed that work motivation made the largest contribution (37.8%), followed by principal leadership (9.9%) and organizational culture (6.5%). These findings suggest that improving teacher performance requires strengthening school leadership, developing a supportive organizational culture, and prioritizing strategies to enhance teacher work motivation

Evaluating GSMaP for Effective Rainfall Estimation in the Bengawan Solo Hulu Watershed Region

Dicky Lutfi Makhfudzi, Cahyono Ikhsan, Rintis Hadiani — Mon, 13 Jul 2026 18:27:22 +0800

Effective rainfall is an important parameter in water resource management because it represents the portion of rainfall that can be reliably utilized to meet crop water requirements. However, its estimation generally requires long-term rainfall observations, which are often limited in many regions. Satellite precipitation products offer an alternative rainfall data source, but their applicability for effective rainfall estimation remains insufficiently explored. This study evaluates the capability of Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) for estimating effective rainfall using observations from five rainfall stations around the Bengawan Solo Hulu Watershed Region, Indonesia, during 2015–2024. Daily GSMaP rainfall was compared with ground observations and used to calculate dependable rainfall with an 80% exceedance probability (R80) and effective rainfall for rice cultivation (Re). Performance was evaluated using CC, PBIAS, NSE, and MAE. The results showed that GSMaP had moderate performance for daily rainfall, with average CC and NSE values of 0.54 and 0.07. Performance improved at semi-monthly and monthly scales, with CC values of 0.83 and 0.87, respectively. GSMaP also represented the seasonal pattern of dependable rainfall. Effective rainfall estimated from GSMaP showed better agreement with observation-based estimates, with CC reaching 0.92 and NSE exceeding 0.66. These findings indicate that GSMaP has potential as an alternative data source for effective rainfall estimation in regions with limited rainfall observations

Scientific Approach in Islamic Mathematics E-Modules for Sequences and Series: A Decade's Systematic Review

Hanisa Hanisa, Baharullah Baharullah, Andi Husniati — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0800

Mathematics education tools in the digital age predominantly emphasize cognitive skills, frequently neglecting character development and spiritual values. Consequently, learning often feels rigid and disconnected from real-life contexts due to a scarcity of instructional materials that seamlessly integrate scientific methods with Islamic principles. This Systematic Literature Review (SLR) investigates the development, characteristics, and effectiveness of Islamic value-based mathematics e-modules specifically focused on sequences and series topics published over the past decade. Following rigorous inclusion criteria, 22 high-quality empirical studies were selected from Google Scholar, ERIC, SINTA, and Scopus, with 50% indexed in Scopus and SINTA 1 and 2. Findings reveal that Islamic values are organically embedded across the 5M scientific framework; for instance, contextualizing sequence and series concepts as expressions of divine justice. Technologically, Flipbook-based platforms (45%) and interactive multimedia (27%) emerged as the primary delivery formats. Meta-analytical data demonstrates that implementing these e-modules yields substantial improvements: religious character achieved the highest normalized gain (N"-Gain"=0.82), followed by conceptual understanding (0.74) and learning autonomy (0.68), all falling within the high-effectiveness category. Although highly effective at imbuing abstract concepts with deeper spiritual meaning, significant research gaps remain regarding the integration of advanced technologies like augmented reality (AR). This study offers key theoretical insights for science-religion integrated curricula and actionable guidance for designing modern, spiritually aligned instructional media.