Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan dan Sains

Trends in School Science Laboratory Management in the 21st Century: Literature Review on the Role of Digitalization, Safety, and Independent Curriculum

Alifia Dwi Anggraini — 2025-09-11

Management of Natural Sciences (Science) laboratories in 21st century schools faces challenges in implementing digitalization, enforcing security standards, and adapting to the Independent Curriculum. This article aims to analyze literature related to the role of digitalization, safety aspects, and adaptation of the Independent Curriculum in science laboratory management. The method used is literature study from various trusted sources. The research results show that digitalization of science laboratories can increase the efficiency and effectiveness of learning, but requires increased teacher competency and adequate infrastructure. Apart from that, work safety standards in laboratories still need to be considered, including training for teachers and students. Implementing the Independent Curriculum requires adjustments in laboratory management to support more flexible and project-based learning. In conclusion, effective science laboratory management in the digital era requires technology integration, implementation of safety standards, and adaptation to the Independent Curriculum, supported by adequate training and infrastructure

Implementation of the Brain-Based Learning Model in Developing the Creative Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students

Ratna Sri Wahyuliningtyas — 2025-09-11

This study aims to describe the implementation of the Brain-Based Learning (BBL) model in developing the creative thinking skills of elementary school students. The research used a descriptive qualitative approach, with the subjects comprising one teacher and fifth-grade students from SD Negeri 2 Wajak Kidul. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and analysis of the teaching module, with a focus on creative thinking indicators, including fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. The results of the study show that the learning plan was systematically arranged according to the seven stages of BBL, utilizing visual media, educational games, and authentic assessments to stimulate students’ creativity. The implementation of BBL created an interactive, contextual, and enjoyable learning atmosphere, encouraging active student engagement through discussions, projects, and presentations. Students showed an improvement in creative thinking skills, although the achievement in each indicator varied. The supporting factors of success included teacher readiness, student motivation, and school support. The main obstacles encompassed limited time, technological facilities, and students’ initial adaptation to activity-based learning. In conclusion, the implementation of BBL proved effective in creating a conducive learning environment that aligns with the way the brain works, thereby optimizing the development of creative thinking skills in elementary school students. This model can serve as an innovative learning alternative to improve the quality of Science and Social Science (IPAS) learning in elementary schools

Utilization of the Storytelling Method to Improve Students’ Speaking Skills

Siti Nur Aisyah Mappatanga — 2025-09-11

Speaking skills are one of the important aspects in learning English as a foreign language; however, in reality, it still becomes a challenge for junior high school students, including at SMPN 1 Sape. Based on the initial observation, students showed fear, lack of self-confidence, as well as limitations in vocabulary and sentence structure when speaking in English. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the storytelling method in improving the English speaking skills of seventh-grade students at SMPN 1 Sape. The research method used was Classroom Action Research (CAR), utilizing a mixed-methods approach that combines quantitative and qualitative approaches. The reflective spiral model of Kemmis and McTaggart was applied in two cycles, each consisting of two meetings. Quantitative data were collected through pretest and posttest, while qualitative data were obtained through observation, questionnaires, documentation, and field notes. The results of the study showed that the students’ average score increased from 56.41 in the pretest to 78.54 in the posttest of Cycle II, with an N-Gain score of 0.51 (medium category). In addition, students’ active participation and self-confidence in speaking also experienced a significant improvement. Storytelling-based learning with a local cultural context has been proven to enhance students’ speaking skills both communicatively and contextually. In conclusion, the storytelling method is an effective learning strategy for improving junior high school students’ English speaking skills and promoting meaningful and enjoyable learning experiences

Innovation Model of Digital Library Management to Enhance Literacy Culture in Senior High Schools

Noviyanti Noviyanti — 2025-09-16

This study aims to analyze how digital library innovations cultivate a reading culture in senior high schools. The specific objectives are to examine the planning, implementation, evaluation, and management models applied in school-based digital library programs. Using a qualitative multi-case study approach, data were collected from principals, librarians, subject teachers, and students of SMA Negeri 3 Unggul Sigli and SMA Sukma Bangsa Pidie through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The findings reveal that the planning stage aligns literacy programs with the school’s vision, mission, and budget allocations to ensure targeted outcomes. During implementation, librarians provide optimal services such as online catalogues, e-books, and reading challenges—that encourage active student participation and increase reading frequency. Continuous evaluation is conducted through audits, user surveys, and feedback mechanisms, allowing weaknesses to be corrected promptly while best practices are disseminated. Finally, the management model follows a collaborative cycle that includes needs assessment, resource digitization, staff capacity building, and periodic updates to maintain the relevance of collections. By integrating these elements, the study concludes that systematic innovation in digital library management effectively strengthens a sustainable literacy culture among senior high school students

Technology Transformation in Islamic Religious Education Student Learning in Facing 2025 Trends Using SAMR and TPACK Models

Wiene Surya Putra — 2025-10-02

This study examines how 2025 educational technology trends are transforming Islamic Religious Education (IRE) student learning and how the SAMR and TPACK frameworks guide that integration. A convergent-parallel mixed-methods design was used in Indonesian IRE institutions: surveys of students and educators quantified perceived impacts and levels of integration, while interviews and focus group discussions explored experiences and challenges; quantitative data were analyzed with descriptive/inferential statistics and qualitative data with thematic analysis. Results indicate strong perceived benefits of AI-driven personalization, VR/AR, and gamification for engagement and accessibility, with hybrid models supporting flexibility. However, classroom practice is concentrated at lower SAMR levels (Substitution, Augmentation), with limited movement to Modification/Redefinition. Educators report high content and pedagogical knowledge, moderate technological knowledge, and the lowest confidence in integrated TPACK; barriers include workload, training gaps, infrastructure, and preserving Islamic ethical values. We conclude that IRE can leverage emerging technologies to enrich learning, but true transformation requires targeted, context-specific TPACK professional development, curriculum redesign toward higher-order SAMR tasks, robust ethical/digital-literacy safeguards, and equitable infrastructure investment

Implementation of School Culture Based on Pancasila Values at the Elementary School Level in Muara Tiga District, Pidie Regency

Hendriani Hendriani — 2025-10-04

This study aims to analyze the leadership of elementary school principals, teachers’ behavior, and obstacles in applying the practical values of Pancasila deliberative at the elementary school level in Muara Tiga District, Pidie Regency. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, with data collected from principals and teachers through observations, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis followed a structured process of reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that principals foster participatory culture, act as facilitators and mediators, make collaborative decisions, communicate effectively, serve as role models, encourage teacher involvement, and organize deliberations. Teachers implement deliberative Pancasila values by facilitating learning and providing fair and transparent assessments. Obstacles include students’ limited understanding of deliberation, insufficient teacher training, and a school culture that is not fully supportive. In conclusion, effective application of deliberative Pancasila values requires supportive leadership, teacher competence, and a conducive school culture

Integrating Google Earth in Problem Based Learning to Improve Spatial Thinking Skills of High School Students in Geography Learning

Titi Sari — 2025-10-04

The initial survey showed that high school students had low spatial thinking skills (STS). This quasi-experimental study aimed to examine the effectiveness of Google Earth in enhancing STS, identifying the most developed spatial thinking component, and exploring students’ perceptions of its use in geography learning. The study involved two senior high schools in Central Java, with 36 students in the experimental group and 46 students in the control group selected using Slovin’s formula and purposive sampling. Data were collected through observation, STS tests, and document analysis, and analyzed using Gain Score, Independent Sample t-test, and descriptive analysis. Results showed that Google Earth significantly improved STS. The experimental group’s average score increased from 40.28 (pre-test) to 86.62 (post-test), while the control group improved only from 40.91 to 67.19. The Independent Sample t-test produced a significance value of 0.0001 < 0.05, rejecting H0. Based on gain score criteria, the improvement in the experimental group was categorized as high, while the control group showed a medium improvement. The most developed component was Condition, where students reported that Google Earth’s interactive features enhanced their understanding of geographic situations. In conclusion, Google Earth is effective in improving STS and is recommended for geography learning in senior high schools

Implementation of the Independent Learning Curriculum in Improving Student Learning Outcomes

Lailawati Lailawati — 2025-10-05

This study aims to describe and analyze the implementation of the Independent Learning Curriculum with a focus on the development of the school operational curriculum, the use of teaching tools, the Pancasila Student Profile (P5) project, and learning practices based on students’ learning stages to improve the quality of education. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method. Informants consisted of the school principal, vice principal, curriculum representatives, teachers, and driving teachers. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, and analyzed descriptively. The results show that the Independent Learning Curriculum is reflected in the integration of P5 across various fields, including religious devotion, mutual cooperation, and independent and creative learning. Differentiated learning is implemented by first mapping students’ needs through diagnostic assessments, designing learning modules, applying process differentiation strategies, and conducting continuous evaluation through formative and summative assessments. The implementation has contributed to improving the quality of education by enhancing the principal’s performance in aligning the School Operational Curriculum with national guidelines, strengthening teachers’ creativity in using media, technology, and teaching materials, and increasing students’ learning achievements. In conclusion, the Independent Learning Curriculum fosters innovation and collaboration that positively impact school performance and student competence

Gender Representation in Eastern Indonesian Songs: A Sara Mills Analysis and Its Implications in Indonesian Language Learning

Yuliana Jetia Moon — 2025-10-14

This article aims to examine how power relations between men and women are portrayed in the lyrics of Eastern Indonesian songs and how the positions of the subject, object, and reader are constructed through Sara Mills' model of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). This study also explores the pedagogical potential of utilizing song lyrics in Indonesian language learning based on critical literacy. This study used a qualitative method with documentation techniques applied to four popular song lyrics performed by male and female singers, selected based on regional distribution and number of views. The analysis was conducted by identifying subject–object positions, language strategies, and ideological content within the lyrics. The findings show that women are often represented as social or sexual objects in lyrics sung by men; however, in several songs, women appear as active subjects who express their own will. Gender power relations are revealed through diction choices, sentence structures, and emotional language styles. This study also indicates that Eastern Indonesian song lyrics have the potential to be used as contextual, reflective, and relevant learning texts to develop social awareness and critical thinking skills in Indonesian language classrooms.

Analysis of Tendencies for Guessing Answers in Physics Objective Test

Risnawati Uding — 2025-10-19

This study aims to analyze students' tendency to guess answers on physics objective tests and how to guess based on gender, ability grouping, and grade level. The population of this study is all students of State Senior High School 31 Maluku and State Islamic Senior High School 4 Maluku. Quantitative data analysis in the form of physics semester test results was collected and analyzed with the Rasch Model using the Winstep Application, while qualitative data analysis was in the form of questionnaires and interviews. Students identified as guessing using RaschModel were 27 students, and 72 students were identified through interviews. The results of women's guesses were 68% correct, compared to men, who were only 32%. Students in high-ability groupings had a percentage of 77% correct guesses and 94% incorrect guesses from medium- and low-ability groupings. The way to guess students in high-ability groupings is by choosing the option with the smallest number, seeing the same numbers between the question and answer choices, and using mathematical operations

Religious Education and Eco-Theology: Reorienting Spirituality toward the Ecological Crisis

Lailatul Sakdiah — 2025-10-22

This study explores the integration of eco-theology within Islamic Religious Education (IRE) as a means to reorient spirituality in response to the current ecological crisis. The main problem addressed is the gap between religious understanding and environmental awareness among learners, which contributes to the lack of ecological ethics in Muslim communities. The objective of this research is to formulate a conceptual framework that connects Islamic theological values—such as tawḥīd (divine unity), khilāfah (stewardship), and amānah (moral responsibility)—with ecological consciousness through IRE. The study employs a qualitative-descriptive approach with literature analysis, drawing on classical Islamic sources and contemporary eco-theological discourses. The findings indicate that eco-theology can serve as a transformative foundation for IRE, promoting a holistic spirituality that integrates faith, ethics, and environmental care. The conclusion emphasizes that reorienting Islamic spirituality through eco-theological principles encourages sustainable living and strengthens moral responsibility toward the environment.

Developing Digital Literacy Networks and Technology’s Impact on Gresik Village Communities

Taufiq Harris — 2025-11-01

This study aims to analyze the role of multiple stakeholders in developing digital literacy, its impact on social and economic dynamics, and the challenges encountered in rural contexts. Using a qualitative approach grounded in grounded theory, data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that village stakeholders implement synergistic programs to build a productive and sustainable empowerment ecosystem. The Village Government serves as the primary facilitator by formulating digital literacy programs that promote technological adoption; community leaders act as social catalysts, fostering trust and encouraging citizen participation; the private sector supports by providing market access, digital financial services, and technological innovations aligned with local needs; and academics contribute through Community Service Programs (KKN) that enhance digital literacy capacity. However, residents’ awareness and trust in digital technology remain low, collaboration between users, providers, and platforms is suboptimal, and e-commerce, financial technology, and social media utilization are limited. While digitalization fosters more interactive communication and economic growth for micro and small enterprises, it also risks weakening social ties, creating inequality, and eroding local culture. Overall, digital transformation has improved service efficiency and connectivity, yet it requires sustained trust-building, infrastructure maintenance, and inclusive digital literacy development to ensure long-term impact

Developing Edupreneurship-Oriented Natural and Social Sciences Teaching Materials Using the Project-Based Learning to Improve Students' Creativity for Primary School

Adlan Surya Saputra — 2025-11-01

The intent of this study is to describe the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of edupreneurship-oriented IPAS teaching materials using the PjBL model to improve primary school students' creativity. The research design used is ADDIE, which includes analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. This research was conducted at public primary school Wonokerso 2. The data collection instruments used are validity sheets, teacher and student response questionnaires, and student creativity test sheets. The results of the study indicated that the validity test carried out by experts had a value of 90.57, which met the very valid category. The practicality test results from the student questionnaire, class teacher responses, and colleagues' evaluations, which had average values of 90.74, 87.10, and 84.68, respectively, all met the very practical category. The effectiveness test was based on the results of the paired sample t-test (value of Sig. 0.00 < 0.05) and n-gain tests (value of 0.52). The results of the paired sample t-test on student creativity showed an average difference between the observation data before and after the study. The n-gain analysis indicates that students' creativity meets the moderate category. The results of the study indicate that the entrepreneurship-oriented IPAS teaching materials using the PjBL model developed are proven to be valid, practical, and effective in supporting character education

Development of SAMR-Based Instructional Tools to Improve Teacher Candidate Productivity

Ida Rindaningsih — 2025-11-09

This study aims to develop and validate a SAMR based instructional toolkit designed to enhance teacher candidates’ productivity through reflective digital pedagogy. Employing the Research and Development (R&D) method using the Borg & Gall and ADDIE models, the research involved five systematic stages: needs analysis, design and development, expert validation, field testing, and evaluation. The needs analysis with 45 pre-service teachers revealed that 82% faced difficulties integrating digital tools effectively, while 76% experienced time inefficiency in lesson planning. The prototype, developed through iterative co-design, achieved a content validity score of 0.93 (S-CVI/Ave), indicating excellent feasibility. Field testing with 60 participants (experimental and control groups) showed a significant improvement in productivity (t(58) = 5.87, p < 0.001; g = 0.65), while average lesson-planning time decreased by 39%. Qualitative reflections confirmed that the toolkit’s structured digital scaffolding fostered higher reflective awareness and creative instructional design. The final product proved valid, practical, and effective in improving pedagogical innovation among teacher candidates. These findings extend the SAMR framework into an empirical R&D context and contribute to the implementation of Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) policies through digitally empowered reflective teaching

Quizizz Assisted Teaching Modules: Mathematics Problem Solving Abilities for Elementary School Students

Royadi Royadi — 2025-11-09

Students are less accustomed to working on problem-solving questions; this lack of familiarity affects their ability to solve problem-solving questions that are presented after routine questions. In addition, there has been no development of teaching modules carried out by teachers. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a teaching module assisted by Quizizz to improve the ability to solve elementary school mathematics problems that are valid, practical, and effective. This type of research includes development using the ADDIE model design. The data collection methods used are teaching module validation sheets, response questionnaires, and problem-solving questions. The study's findings revealed that the validity of the instructional material, with an average value of 95.69, falls inside the "very valid" category. The practicality assessment conducted by the teacher and coworkers yielded average scores of 87.07 and 85.34, respectively, categorizing them as "very practical." The efficacy assessment is based on the paired sample t-test results, which demonstrate a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.000, signifying a difference in average scores between the pretest and posttest. Furthermore, the n-gain analysis produced a value of 0.519, classifying it as "moderate." The findings demonstrated that the training module that was created was valid, practical, and effective in enhancing mathematical problem-solving skills

Geoedupreneurship and Educational Innovation: Exploring the Need for Geography Education-Based Entrepreneurship Learning Materials

Ainun Maghfiroh — 2025-11-09

Digital transformation in the Industrial Revolution 5.0 requires higher education to produce graduates who are adaptive, creative, and possess entrepreneurial capacity. Geography education has strategic potential in supporting these goals through a geoedupreneurship approach that integrates spatial literacy and entrepreneurial competencies. This study aims to identify the need for geography education-based entrepreneurship learning materials through a mixed-methods approach, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative descriptive analyses. The results show that 64.3% of students require the integration of real-life case studies, 54.8% desire interactive digital innovation, and 45.2% experience difficulties converting spatial data into business opportunities. These findings highlight the limitations of current learning materials, which remain theoretical and fail to address the contextual needs of 21st-century learning. Based on the analysis results, an adaptive geoedupreneurship learning material model was designed that combines a project-based approach, digital technology, and inspirational narratives as a strategy to strengthen geography-based entrepreneurial competencies that are relevant, applicable, and sustainable

The Effect of Snakehead Fish on Superoxide Dismutase Levels and Gastric Histopathological Features in a Rat Model of Liver Cirrhosis

OK Yulizal — 2025-11-15

Liver cirrhosis is a chronic disease that frequently leads to complications such as portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG), which is characterized by increased oxidative stress and reduced activity of antioxidant enzymes such as Superoxide Dismutase (SOD). Snakehead fish (Channa striata) is known to contain high levels of albumin and amino acids that function as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents. This study aimed to analyze the effect of Channa striata extract on SOD levels and gastric histopathological features in a rat model of liver cirrhosis. This experimental research employed a randomized post-test-only control group design involving 30 male Wistar rats divided into five groups: normal control (K1), cirrhosis without treatment (K2), and three cirrhosis treatment groups receiving Channa striata extract at doses of 100 mg/kgBW (K3), 150 mg/kgBW (K4), and 200 mg/kgBW (K5). SOD levels were measured through tissue homogenization, while gastric histopathology was examined using Hematoxylin–Eosin staining. The results showed a significant increase in SOD levels with a dose–response pattern (p < 0.001) and a gradual improvement in gastric histopathology (p > 0.05). In conclusion, Channa striata extract has the potential to enhance antioxidant activity and improve gastric histological structure in rats with liver cirrhosis.

Comparative Analysis of Students' Environmental Awareness Attitudes in Learning at Adiwiyata and Non-Adiwiyata Schools

Sri Amini — 2025-11-16

The environment is a space inhabited by living things along with biotic and abiotic elements that interact to maintain ecological balance. This study aims to compare the environmental awareness attitudes of Adiwiyata and non-Adiwiyata high school students in Boyolali Regency. This study is motivated by the important role of education in fostering environmental awareness to prevent ecosystem degradation. The sample consisted of two schools, namely SMA Negeri 1 Ampel (Adiwiyata) and SMA Negeri 1 Cepogo (non-Adiwiyata) which were selected randomly. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using the Independent Samples t-test and the Mann-Whitney U-test. The results showed a significant difference in students' environmental awareness attitudes between the two schools. Students in Adiwiyata schools showed more positive attitudes towards cleanliness, energy conservation, waste management, and maintaining the quality of the school environment compared to students in non-Adiwiyata schools. This difference is caused by the integration of the Adiwiyata program into school policies, curriculum, and environmentally friendly activities that involve the active participation of school residents. The Adiwiyata program makes a positive contribution in shaping environmental awareness among students, by emphasizing the importance of implementing environmental education systematically in Adiwiyata and non-Adiwiyata schools to support sustainable development

Eco-Theology: Formulating the Concept of Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah in the Context of the Environmental Crisis

Jumaah Jumaah — 2025-11-21

The accelerating global environmental crisis including ecosystem degradation, climate change, and rapid biodiversity loss demands a more integrated religious and ethical response. This study investigates how Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah can be reformulated as a normative foundation for eco-theology capable of addressing escalating ecological damage that threatens human survival and planetary stability. The core problem examined is the insufficient alignment between Islamic legal objectives and the urgent need for environmental preservation. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach supported by literature review and textual analysis of classical Islamic sources and contemporary environmental scholarship, this research constructs an ecological extension of the maqāṣid framework. The findings indicate that strengthening ḥifẓ al-nafs, ḥifẓ al-māl, and the emerging category of ḥifẓ al-bī’ah provides a robust ethical and legal basis for embedding ecological consciousness within Islamic thought and practice. The study concludes that an eco-theological formulation grounded in maqāṣid offers a transformative paradigm in which environmental protection becomes not merely a scientific or policy concern but a moral-religious obligation essential for ensuring justice, wellbeing, and sustainability for present and future generations

Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence and Data Literacy in Case-Based Learning on the Ability to Write Toulmin-Model Argumentative Essays

Nurul Haeniah — 2025-11-22

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) and data literacy in Case-Based Learning (CBL) on students’ ability to write argumentative essays using the Toulmin model. The research design used a pre-experimental One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design with 22 student participants. The data were collected through argumentative essay writing tests administered before and after the treatment, and analyzed using the Paired-Samples t-Test. The results of the study showed a significant increase between the pretest score (M=53.59) and the posttest score (M=71.27), with a Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.000<0.05. All Toulmin indicators increased, especially backing (56.1%) and rebuttal (46.8%), indicating that students’ ability to construct arguments based on evidence and critical analysis became stronger. The study concludes that integrating CBL, AI (ChatGPT), and data literacy effectively strengthens students’ academic argumentative abilities while supporting learning outcomes aligned with Outcome-Based Education (OBE) and the demands of twenty-first-century skills.

Implementation of Biopore Infiltration Holes in Increasing Soil Permeability in Sungai Langka Village

Meysha Azhara — 2025-11-24

This study aims to improve low soil absorption capacity by implementing biopore infiltration hole technology to reduce waterlogging and increase groundwater availability, especially during the dry season. This biopore infiltration hole technology can create additional pores, allowing rainwater to infiltrate more rapidly. The method used was a field experiment with five soil samples taken from Dusun II, Sungai Langka Village. The biopore infiltration holes were constructed to a depth of 100 cm and a diameter of 10 cm, and soil permeability was measured using the falling head method before and after installation. This method was selected because it is suitable for fine-grained soils with low absorption capacity. Observations were conducted for 14 days to monitor changes in the soil permeability coefficient driven by variations in moisture, microbial activity, and the decomposition of organic materials within the hole. The study found a significant increase in the soil permeability coefficient after the application of biopore infiltration holes. The highest increase occurred at sample point 5, where the permeability coefficient rose from 11.9 cm per hour to 45.7 cm per hour. In conclusion, the application of biopore infiltration holes effectively improves soil pore structure and enhances soil water-absorption capacity, providing an alternative solution for water management and reducing waterlogging in residential areas

Antibacterial Test of Bacterial Isolates from Red Rice Syrup

Cut Anisa Sabrina — 2025-11-29

Red rice syrup, as a fermentation product, contains bioactive components with antimicrobial potential, thereby requiring exploration of the associated microbes and their activities. This study aims to isolate bacteria from fermented red rice syrup, characterize their phenotypic properties, and assess the antibacterial activity of the supernatant against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Isolation was carried out on MRS agar (37 °C, 48 hours), followed by Gram staining, catalase testing, and antibacterial activity testing using the disc diffusion method. Five isolates (SBM1–SBM5) were obtained, all of which were Gram-positive with coccobacillus morphology and catalase-positive. In the antibacterial assay, the supernatant from the five isolates did not produce inhibition zones against either indicator bacterium, whereas the amoxicillin control produced inhibition zones of 13.95 mm (E. coli) and 12.43 mm (S. aureus), and the negative control showed no inhibition. In summary, the isolates from red rice syrup exhibited consistent phenotypic profiles; however, under the test conditions applied, no antibacterial activity was detected against E. coli or S. aureus. These findings provide a foundation for further studies to clarify taxonomic identity and to optimize more sensitive assays for assessing biological activity.

Development of an Electronic Module Assisted by the Metaverse to Support Contextual Learning in the Geography Subject

Muhamad Rafli Tegar Hati — 2025-11-29

The type of research used was Research and Development (R&D), which aimed to produce and develop a metaverse-assisted electronic module that is feasible and practical to support contextual learning. The ADDIE development model was used in this study, consisting of five main steps: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The results of the material expert validation showed an average percentage score of 90% with the criterion of very feasible, and the results of the media expert assessment produced an average percentage score of 75% with the criterion of feasible to be tested. The assessment results from students showed that the Electronic Module Assisted by the Metaverse achieved an average of 89.1% on the criterion of very practical, and the teacher assessment results showed an average of 89.5% on the criterion of very practical after testing. Based on the data obtained, the Electronic Module Assisted by the Metaverse met the criteria for validity and practicality to support contextual learning in the atmospheric dynamics material and can be used directly and independently by users.

The Effect of YouTube Learning Videos on Student Learning Outcomes in Block Programming Subjects

Hijrah Sakinah — 2025-11-29

This study aims to analyze the effect of using YouTube videos as an additional learning resource on student learning outcomes in Block Programming. The research method used a quasi-experiment with two groups, namely class 7E as the control group and class 7F as the experimental group. The sample was selected from two classes with the lowest daily test scores among all seventh-grade students at SMP Negeri 2 Tenggarong Seberang. The independent variable in this study was the use of YouTube media, while the dependent variable was student learning outcomes. Normality and homogeneity tests showed that the data met the requirements for further analysis. The results showed that the average post-test score of the experimental class that used YouTube media was 78, higher than the control class, which had an average score of 74. The hypothesis test results using SPSS version 26 obtained a significance value of 0.041 < 0.05, so Hₐ was accepted and H₀ was rejected. Thus, this study concluded that the use of YouTube videos had a significant effect on improving student learning outcomes in Block Programming material

The The Effect of Caffeine Consumption on the Level of Anxiety Disorders in Medical Students

Angelica Salim — 2025-12-02

This study aimed to analyze the effect of caffeine consumption on anxiety levels in students. A quantitative cross-sectional design with an analytical survey approach was employed. Sampling was conducted using total sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected through a caffeine consumption frequency questionnaire and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), and analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that most respondents experienced mild anxiety. The most commonly consumed sources of caffeine were ready-to-drink coffee and green tea. Statistical analysis indicated a significant relationship between caffeine consumption and anxiety levels, both for coffee (p = 0.008) and tea (p = 0.029). These findings suggest that increased caffeine intake is associated with higher anxiety levels in students. Therefore, it is recommended that students limit their daily caffeine consumption to maintain sleep quality and emotional balance.

Comparison of the Antibacterial Activity of Cinnamon Bark Extract (Cinnamomum burmannii) Against the Growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Sandrean Hanesta — 2025-12-02

This study aimed to compare the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum burmannii) against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). This experimental study employed a post-test only design using the agar diffusion method (Kirby–Bauer) at extract concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, with ciprofloxacin as the positive control and distilled water as the negative control. Inhibition zones were measured after 24 hours of incubation and analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The results showed that cinnamon bark extract produced strong inhibition zones for both bacteria, with diameters ranging from 11.53–12.97 mm for S. aureus and 12.00–13.47 mm for MRSA, although still lower than the positive control. The antibacterial activity of the extract was slightly higher against MRSA than S. aureus. In conclusion, ethanol extract of cinnamon bark exhibits antibacterial potential against both S. aureus and MRSA. Bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins are suspected to contribute to this effectiveness, warranting further research to clarify the mechanism of action and evaluate its potential application as a natural antibacterial agent

Flowering and Fruiting Phenology of Kecipir (Psophocarpus tetragonilobus (L.) DC.)

Anggun Yuniar — 2025-12-05

Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.) is a plant with high potential as a nutritious food source. Information on the flowering and fruiting phenology of winged bean is the main focus of this study, which aims to observe and analyze each phase of flower and fruit development as well as environmental factors. The study was conducted in Pandan Lagan Village, Geragai District, East Tanjung Jabung Regency, Jambi, from September 2024 to January 2025, using a descriptive method with qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study population included all winged bean plants planted at the study site, while three winged bean plants were sampled. Each plant was observed for five flower buds, resulting in a total sample of 15 flower buds. Observations were made on the flower and fruit development phases, starting from the initiation phase of flower bud formation, until ripe fruit, and environmental factors. Observations were carried out every day, namely at 08.00–10.00 WIB. The results of the study showed that the winged bean flowering phase lasted for 22 days, the initiation to anthesis phase lasted for 20 days, followed by a two-day post-anthesis phase. Meanwhile, the fertilization process from fruit initiation to maturity lasted for 13 days. Environmental factors included an average temperature of 26.04°C, air humidity of 40.69%, light intensity of 4,435.46 lux, and rainfall of 9.68 mm. These findings are expected to provide data information that can be used as a crucial basis for consideration in planning winged bean cultivation in the region

Development of a Project-Based Student Worksheet Oriented to Local Wisdom to Enhance Creative Thinking Skills

Sri Cacik — 2025-12-05

This study aims to determine the feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness of a project-based and local-wisdom-oriented student worksheet for enhancing creative thinking skills. This study is a development research employing the ADDIE model, with the research subjects being students in class C of the 2023 cohort of the Elementary School Teacher Education Study Program at Universitas PGRI Ronggolawe Tuban, totaling 32 students. This research was conducted in 2025 at Universitas PGRI Ronggolawe Tuban. The results showed that the developed student worksheet had an average feasibility score of 92%, indicating it is very feasible. The worksheet was also classified as very practical, with learning implementation and student responses reaching 93.3% and 92.9%, respectively. In addition, the worksheet demonstrated very high effectiveness in enhancing creative thinking skills, as indicated by an N-gain score of 86.88%. Based on these findings, the student worksheet integrating project-based learning and local wisdom is considered feasible, practical, and effective for enhancing students’ creative thinking skills

Correlation Between Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior of General Practitioners in Primary Health Facilities Towards the Diagnosis and Management of Psoriasis

Diska Permai Suri — 2025-12-05

This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of general practitioners regarding the diagnosis and management of psoriasis in Primary Health Care (PHC) settings in Binjai City. A cross-sectional design was employed involving 66 general practitioners recruited through total sampling from PHC facilities in Binjai City. Data analysis was conducted using univariate methods and the Spearman Rho correlation test with a significance level of α = 0.05. The results showed that most general practitioners had insufficient knowledge related to the diagnosis and management of psoriasis. A significant correlation was identified between knowledge and both diagnostic accuracy and management practices (p < 0.001), whereas attitude and behavior were not significantly associated with these outcomes (p > 0.05). In conclusion, improving the knowledge of general practitioners is essential to enhance diagnostic accuracy and management quality of psoriasis in PHC settings. Future research is recommended to utilize different measurement scales to obtain more comprehensive insights

Development of Differentiated Digital Flipbook Teaching Materials to Enhance Sixth-Grade Students’ Mathematics Achievement

Ingka Rizkyani Akolo — 2025-12-07

This study aims to develop feasible, practical, and effective differentiated digital flipbook teaching materials to enhance the mathematics achievement of sixth-grade students in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. The method used was Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE model covering the stages of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The research subjects consisted of 21 students, one teacher, and two expert validators. The product developed was a digital flipbook featuring videos and interactive content aligned with visual, auditory, and kinesthetic (VAK) learning styles. The results of the expert assessment showed that the teaching materials had a high level of feasibility, with 88.10% for the material and 95.83% for the media, while practicality was rated very good by the students (88.39%) and the teacher (91.67%). The small-scale and large-scale trials showed significant enhancements in learning outcomes, with an average N-Gain score of 0.6867 (moderate). These findings indicate that the differentiated digital flipbook teaching materials are considered feasible, practical, and sufficiently effective for improving the mathematics achievement of sixth-grade students

Development of a Problem-Based Learning Module Integrated with the Ethnochemistry of the Sasak Tribe to Improve Students’ Scientific Literacy

Reni Andriani Andriani — 2025-12-12

This study aims to develop a problem-based learning module integrated with the ethnochemistry of the Sasak tribe to improve students’ scientific literacy that is feasible, practical, and effective. This type of research is development research, Research and Development (R&D), based on the development model of Nieveen, N., which includes the stages of preliminary research, prototyping, summative evaluation, and systematic reflection and documentation. The subjects of this study were students from two private senior high schools located in East Lombok. The large-scale trial used a pretest-posttest control group design. The results of the study showed that the average feasibility score for the problem-based learning module integrated with the ethnochemistry of the Sasak tribe was 78.5 in the feasible category, and the scientific literacy instrument obtained a score of 82.6 in the very feasible category. The use of the ethnochemistry learning module for the Sasak tribe received an average score of 80.3 from teachers and students, with very practical criteria. The ethnochemistry learning module for the Sasak tribe was effective in improving students’ scientific literacy, with scores for X increasing from 51 to 84.52 and for Y increasing from 44 to 75.8, with average N gains of 0.68 and 0.57 in the medium category. These results indicate that the problem-based learning module, integrated with the ethnochemistry of the Sasak tribe and developed to improve students’ scientific literacy, meets the criteria of feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness

The The Effect of Tea Tree Oil (Melaleuca alternifolia) on Candida albicans Counts on Heat-Cured Acrylic Resin and 3D-Printed Acrylic Denture Base Materials

Wennie Fransisca — 2025-12-15

Suboptimal cleaning of dentures can increase the overgrowth of Candida albicans, which can cause denture stomatitis. Therefore, it is important to maintain denture hygiene with effective and safe cleaning agents. One natural ingredient that has the potential to be used as a denture cleaner is Tea Tree Oil (Melaleuca alternifolia), which is known to have antifungal activity. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of Tea Tree Oil immersion at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% against 0.5% sodium hypochlorite in inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans on heat-cured acrylic resin plates and 3D-printed acrylic resin. This study is an experimental laboratory study with a post-test only control group design. The research population consisted of pure culture isolates of Candida albicans ATCC 10231. The research samples consisted of heat-polymerized acrylic resin plates and 3D-printed acrylic resin plates measuring 10×10×2 mm, with 5 samples in each treatment group that were immersed for 8 hours. The number of Candida albicans colonies was counted using the plate count method and calculated with a colony counter. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by the Mann-Whitney test. The results showed that there was a difference in the effectiveness of Tea Tree Oil immersion at various concentrations compared to 0.5% sodium hypochlorite and distilled water against the growth of Candida albicans. Tea Tree Oil concentrations

Ruwatan Bumi as Ethnopedagogy: An Ethnographic Study of Sundanese Local Wisdom in Banceuy Traditional Village

Wendi Nilpa Apriana — 2025-12-16

This study aims to explore how the Ruwatan Bumi ceremony in the Banceuy Traditional Village, Subang - West Java can become a Sundanese Ethnopedagogy system that internalizes the values of Sundanese local wisdom in the younger generation. The research method uses an ethnographic study that focuses on exploring various activities. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews with community leaders, and documentation of ritual artifacts during the Ruwatan Bumi celebration in 2025. The findings reveal four main themes. First, cross-generational social collectivity at all stages of the activity. Second, spirituality and respect for ancestors in ritual activities represent gratitude, sacrifice, and protection. Third, ecological wisdom and agrarian cosmology reflect the balance between humans, nature, and God. Fourth, cultural transmission through the active participation of the younger generation in ritual practices, dance performances, accompanying music and various attractions can strengthen cultural identity. This study shows that Ruwatan Bumi not only functions as a cultural ritual but also as a Sundanese Ethno Pedagogy system based on Traditional Villages. This study offers insights into how the local wisdom of Sundanese traditional villages can integrate character education, ecological awareness, spiritual development, and cultural sustainability based on Etnhopedagogy framework